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Crop Matrix Tool

Use this tool to find out about characteristics; such as soil pH, cultivation methods, pests and post harvest treatment; for a specific crop. To load a crop's characteristics choose a crop from the drop-down menu. To see a list of all possible crops grouped by category click on the “Show List of All Available Crops” link next to the drop-down menu.

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Shagbark

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General
Common NameShagbark
Latin NameCarya ovata
CategoryNuts 
FamilyHickory 
Variety 
Visual Traits
Floweryellow, monoecious, early June, with or after leaf emergence (5)
No Citation Available
Foliage/Fall leaf coloryellow-brown
No Citation Available
Fruit / Nutfruit ripens Sep-Oct; smooth, thick husks, cream colored; deep brown before dehiscing; sweet
No Citation Available
Height70-80
No Citation Available
Other valued traitstool handles, sports gear, furniture, fuel wood
No Citation Available
Spread35-50
No Citation Available
Cultivation
Cultivation and Mulchingmulch seeds for rodent protection
No Citation Available
Pollinationmany varieties may be self-incompatible, plant several to assure pollination
No Citation Available
Propagation methodGrafts, seedlings used as rootstock
No Citation Available
Pruningonly prune to establish height of lower limbs and prevent weak crotches; persistant sprouts following disturbance
No Citation Available
Retail Sourcesite, retail
No Citation Available
Seed harvestSep-Dec
No Citation Available
Seed treatment and storageCold-moist stratification 90-120days at 37ºF, seeds from northern climates require longer stratification
No Citation Available
Seedling treatmentrapid taproot development
No Citation Available
Sowing seed50-75% germination, fall (no treatment) or spring (following stratification)
No Citation Available
Transplantdifficult; transplant to permanent location first summer
No Citation Available
Critters
Insect and invertebrate pestsmany pests, few threatening; hickory bark beetle (Scolytus quadrispinosus)
No Citation Available
Pathogenshosts many fungi and diseases; few serious; Canker rot (Poria spiculosa), leaf rot, heart rot fungi, anthracnose (Gnomonia caryae), mildew (Micorstroma juglandis), bunch disease, crown gall (Agrobacterium tumefaciens)
No Citation Available
Wildlife PestsDeer, squirrel
No Citation Available
Soils
Compaction (tolerance)intermediate
No Citation Available
Fertility / qualitytolerates wide range; sensitive to changes in fertility
No Citation Available
Moisture and drainagewell-drained, moderately drought tolerant
No Citation Available
pH4-6.7(slightly acid 6-6.5)
No Citation Available
Salt toleranceintolerant
No Citation Available
Soils and topographysloped uplands, mesic-dry (site varies across range), max 2000-3000 ft
No Citation Available
Textureloams; tolerates wide range
No Citation Available
Growth Pattern
Good seed crop interval (fruit load)1-3y
No Citation Available
Growth rateslow growing
No Citation Available
Longevitylong
No Citation Available
Root habitlong taproot
No Citation Available
Seed-bearing age /max production40y / 60-200y (fruit-set possible 10-15y with appropriate management; grafts on older trees as little as 3-4y)
No Citation Available
Habitat and Climate
Fire toleranceintolerant; stump sprouts readily; short fire interval favors oak
No Citation Available
Frost-free days (FFD)140
No Citation Available
Growing degree days (GDD)2250
No Citation Available
Hardiness Zone4-8, hardiest of hickories
No Citation Available
Native Rangehttp://extension-horticulture.tamu.edu/carya/species/ovata/OVTDIST.GIF
No Citation Available
Rainfall / humidityprefers humid climates, adapted to wide range (30-80in annual/20-40in growing season)
No Citation Available
Wind / ice / frost susceptibilitywind resistant on most sites
No Citation Available
Light
Light recommendationpartial shade, responds well to release
No Citation Available
Shade tolerancemoderately tolerant, very tolerant at pole stage
No Citation Available
Vegetation Associations
Competitive abilityoaks and fast-growing upland species, disadvantaged in even-age stands with short rotations (slow-growth)
No Citation Available
Indicator species and associated forestmixed hardwood, oaks
No Citation Available
Special Notes
Note 1Climate and soils vary widely througout range, info here is representative of northern part of range only, see reference
No Citation Available
  
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