Red Raspberry |
| General |
| Common Name | Red Raspberry |
| Latin Name | Rubus idaeus |
| Category | Fruits |
| Family | Brambles |
| Variety | See Cornell Guide to Growing Fruit at Home |
| Visual Traits |
| Flower | white, July-September |
| Fruit | aggregates of drupelets; red, white, or yellow |
| Height | 2-9 ft |
| Cultivation |
| Cultivation and Mulching | cultivate 3' wide strip, no deeper than 2"; do not mulch |
| Field preparation and planting | prepare soil one season prior to planting; clear wild brambles; do not plant in location that may host verticillum wilt |
| Field spacing / planting depth | 30" within rows, 9-10' between rows / 1" deeper than grown in nursery |
| Harvest | every 2-3days |
| Pollination | self-incompatible |
| Propagation method | root suckers, bare root, tissue culture |
| Pruning | mid-march, leave 3-4 canes / linear foot of row; prune off winter-damaged tips and healthy tips back to 1' beyond trellis |
| Retail Source | See www.hort.cornell.edu/nursery |
| Seed treatment and storage | for spring planting, scarify, warm stratification 90days at 68-86°F, followed by cold stratification for 90days at 36-41°F |
| Softwood cuttings | summer and/or fall; berries do not last > 2-3 days on plant |
| Sowing seed | late summer, fall; direct seed to disturbed sites |
| Training / Trellising | T-shaped or V-shaped trellis |
| Transplant | rooted canes early spring; tissue culture plantlets after last frost |
| Watering guidelines | water liberally at planting; require irrigation throughout growing season; early morning so that plants may dry during day; plant in raised beds if threat of water accumulation |
| Critters |
| Insect and invertebrate pests | raspberry cane borers; raspberry fruitworms; spider mites; blackberry leafminers; raspberry sawflies; japanese beetles |
| Pathogens | phytophthora root rot, mosaic virus, ringspot virus, verticillium wilt; spur blight, cane blight, anthracnose; botrytis fruit rot; orange rust |
| Wildlife Pests | rodents |
| Soils |
| Fertility / quality | well drained |
| Moisture and drainage | excessive water promotes phytophthora root rot or frost heave; drought intolerant |
| pH | 5.5-6.5 |
| Soils and topography | wet or dry woods, open and rocky slopes |
| Texture | sandy loam |
| Growth Pattern |
| Fruit bearing age / full crop load | 1-2y / 3y (replant after 10y) |
| Growth rate | fast |
| Longevity | short |
| Habitat and Climate |
| Fire tolerance | very tolerant |
| Frost-free days (FFD) | 128 |
| Hardiness Zone | Zones 5-7 |
| Native Range | temperate zones |
| Wind / ice / frost susceptibility | susceptible to frost heave in wet soils |
| Light |
| Light recommendation | full sun |
| Shade tolerance | intolerant (R. ideaus ssp idaeus) to tolerant (Rubus idaeus ssp.strigosus) |
| Vegetation Associations |
| Competitive ability | pioneer species; declines as canopy closes, seeds persist to 60y and may thrive in forest openings |
| Special Notes |
| Note 1 | hydridizes readily with other Rubus sp. |